Bioprinted HepG2 cells for studying sonodynamic anticancer activity of chlorine e6 / 药学学报

This paper showed bioprinted HepG2 tumor tissues used for studying the sonodynamic anticancer activity of chlorine e6 (Ce6). HepG2 cells were printed by using alginate/gelatin/hydroxyethyl cellulose composite biomaterial as bio ink and cell viability was detected with Live-Dead assay and MTT proliferation. The ultrasonic intensities of self-built micro ultrasonic device under different powers were estimated by using the temperature change caused by the conversion of acoustic energy to heat energy. Ce6 of 14.3 and 28.6 μg·mL-1 were acted on two-dimensional cultured and three-dimensional printed HepG2 cells, and the antitumor activity of Ce6 was detected by MTT method with ultrasound intensity of 0.15 W·cm2 for 60 s. The results showed that the activities of bioprinted HepG2 cells were as high as 95%, and tumor microspheres were formed after 7 days of culture. The ultrasound intensity was lower than 3 W·cm2, which belonged to low ultrasound intensity and had no damage to normal hepatocyte LO2 cells. By comparing the antitumor activity of Ce6 on 2D cultured and printed HepG2 cells, it was found that the anticancer activity of Ce6 on bioprinted HepG2 cells was 63.4% lower than that on 2D culture cells, indicating the acoustic drug resistance of three-dimensional tumor model. Bioprinted tumor tissues show the potential in the application of in vitro activity evaluation models for sonodynamic therapy.

Activities of Biapenem against Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Macrophages and Mice / 生物医学与环境科学（英文）

OBJECTIVE@#To assess the activities of biapenem against multidrug-resistant and extensively drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis.@*METHODS@#Biapenem/clavulanate (BP/CL) was evaluated for in vitro activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) multidrug-resistant (MDR) isolates, extensively drug-resistant (XDR) isolates, and the H37RV strain. BP/CL activity against the H37Rv strain was assessed in liquid cultures, in macrophages, and in mice..@*RESULTS@#BP/CL exhibited activity against MDR and XDR Mtb isolates in liquid cultures. BP/CL treatment significantly reduced the number of colony forming units (CFU) of Mtb within macrophages compared with control untreated infected macrophages. Notably, BP/CL synergized in pairwise combinations with protionamide, aminosalicylate, and capreomycin to achieve a fractional inhibitory concentration for each pairing of 0.375 in vitro. In a mouse tuberculosis infection model, the efficacy of a cocktail of levofloxacin + pyrazinamide + protionamide + aminosalicylate against Mtb increased when the cocktail was combined with BP/CL, achieving efficacy similar to that of the positive control treatment (isoniazid + rifampin + pyrazinamide) after 2 months of treatment.@*CONCLUSION@#BP/CL may provide a new option to clinically treat MDR tuberculosis.

Research progress of lymph node micrometastasis detection and prognosis in stageⅠnon-small cell lung cancer / 医学研究生学报

Surgery is preferred for treating stage I non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The main factors that affecting its prognosis are tumor metastasis and recurrence. In recent years, studies have revealed that the main cause of death in patients with stage I NSCLC is micrometastasis of lymph nodes. Micrometastasis has become a hot topic in modern precision medicine. Detection of micrometastasis as early as possible, early intervention and accurate assessment on prognosis of lung cancer have a great impact. The concept, methods and markers for clinical detection, as well as prognosis and adjuvant therapy of lymph node micrometastasis are reviewed in this article.

The feasibility of IFN-γ and IL-10 as surrogate markers to evaluating the activity of drugs against mycobacterium tuberculosis / 中国药学杂志

OBJECTIVE: To study the probability of IFN-γ and IL-10 being surrogate markers for evaluating the anti-TB activity of drugs. METHODS: 75 BALB/c mice infected with H37Rv using a Glas-col inhalation exposure system, were randomized into 13 groups. After 2 months of therapy, the numbers of CFU in the lungs and the levels of IFN-γ and IL-10 in blood were determined. The relevance of IFN-γ, IL-10 concentrations, the ratio of IFN-γ/IL-10 and CFU were evaluated respectively. RESULTS: (1) CFU enumeration: the CFU of treatment groups except Lfx and PAS were significantly different from that of negative control group; the CFU of every treatment groups were significantly different from that of positive group. (2) Levels of IFN-γ: the levels of IFN-γ in peripheral blood of treatment groups except Lfx and PAS were significantly different from that of negative control group; the IFN-γ of every treatment groups were significantly different from that of positive group. (3) IL-10: There were differences exiting neither between treatment groups and negative group nor between any two treatment groups. (4) HFNγ/IL-10: significantly differences were displayed between CLF, LZD+Pto, LZD+CLF, LZD+Am, HRZ and negative group respectively, while no significantly differences showed between any pair of treatment groups, (5) positive corrections were displayed between IFN-γ, IL-10, IFN-γ/IL-10 and CFU, certainty factor(r2) were 0.688, 0.237, 0.582. CONCLUSION: The levels of IFN-γ may be used to evaluate the anti-TB activity of drugs and may not be the surrogate markers to predict the CFU in vivo.

Photochemotherapy with psoralen and ultraviolet A induced apoptosis of NB4 cells and its effects on caspase-8 and caspase-8 protein expressions / 中国中西医结合杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the regulatory effects of psoralen (PSO) plus ultraviolet A (UVA), which is PUVA, on cell apoptosis of human leukemia cell line NB4 and signal pathway of cell apoptosis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Human leukemia cell line NB4 was cultured in vitro. The NB4 cells were treated with PSO extracted from Chinese medicine psoralea fruits at different concentrations (0, 5, 10, 20 and 40 microL) plus UVA of wave length 360 nm at different irradiation time points (0 and 5 min). The apoptosis ratio was detected by flow cytometry (FCM). The ultrastructure changes were observed using transmission electron microscope (TEM). The expressions of Caspase-8 and Caspase-8 protein were detected by immunocytochemical method (ICC).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>After treatment of PSO at different concentrations with a 0 and 5-min exposure of UVA, the apoptosis rate of NB4 cells increased dose-and time-dependently, and was up to peak after treatment of PSO at 40 microg/mL with 5-min exposure of UVA. An interaction was shown between the two factors (P <0. 01). There were obvious morphological apoptosis of NB4 cells under TEM after treated with PUVA. The expressions of Caspase-3 and Caspase-8 protein were up-regulated by PSO, UVA, and PUVA, but the effects of PUVA on Caspase-3 protein were stronger than PSO and UVA at 12 h time-dependently (P <0.01).An interaction was shown between the concentration of PSO and time of UVA (P <0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The optimal combination of PUVA was PSO in 40 microg/mL and 5-min exposure of UVA. PUVA could induce the apoptosis of NB4 cells and in vitro activate Caspase-3 and Caspase-8 genes.</p>

A new eudesmane sesquiterpene lactone from Curcuma wenyujin / 药学学报

The aim of the study was to investigate the sesquiterpene constituents from the rhizomes of Curcuma wenyujin Y. H. Chen et C. Ling. The isolation and purification of the constituents from the 50% EtOH extracts of the rhizomes were performed with repeated column chromatography over sillica gel and macroporous resin. Eight sesquiterpenes were obtained and identified as wenyujinlactone A (1), neolitamone A (2), zedoarondiol (3), isozedoarondiol (4), aerugidiol (5), curcumol (6), curdione (7) and (1R, 10R)-epoxy-(-)-1, 10-dihydrocurdine (8) by means of spectral analysis. Among them, compound 1 was found to be a new eudesmane sesquiterpene lactone, whilst compounds 2-5 were obtained from this plant for the first time.